Six Alternative Building Methods For a Custom Home - Log, Post and Beam, Ram Earth, ICF, and Tire

Looking at alternative ways to build your home?home can be largely manufactured off site -
Most homes - over 90% - according to a recentassembled quickly on the site (think of the Amish
NAHB (National Association of Home Builders) arefarmers erecting a barn) and covered with the high
stick built - meaning out of 2 x 4's. As a custominsulating and efficient skin.
home builder, I never build anything that resembles3. Rammed Earth
the "standard."An age old technique has been modernized so that a
According to a survey done by the NAHB in 2005,newly constructed rammed earth home is very similar
the "typical" home built in America is approximatelyin structure to a solid reinforced concrete wall yet
2200 square feet, 2 stories, 3 - 4 bedrooms, 2 fullwith the beautiful colors of the soils that are mixed
baths, powder room built on a concrete slab, usesinto the rammed earth. These homes benefit from
gas forced air heat, is stick built on site (vs. modular),thick thermal mass.
has a 2 car garage, vinyl siding (second place stucco),4. ICF - Insulated Concrete Forms
porch and a fireplace. Many "typical" practices areThis relatively new technology combines several
unique to each area of the country, such as a typicaltechniques to construct highly insulated, concrete
basement in the Northeast vs. a slab in thestructures. Although several unique, hybrid products
Southwest, but the overall numbers show the aboveexist such as Rastra, Performwall, the typical ICF wall
example.consists of two layers of EPS foam insulation which
My definition of a custom home is:create the form for a reinforced concrete wall.
A unique home built according to the custom plansVarious thicknesses are available. The walls not only
and specifications of an architect or designer, workinghave very high insulation values (R values 25 or
with a client, for a unique piece of land. This planhigher) but they also benefit from the "thermal mass"
takes into account the clients wishes and dreams,of the concrete and the fact that the wall does not
the unique environment, and a particular budget. Allsuffer from the "thermal bridging" effect (the
materials are delivered and assembled on site by ainterruption of an insulated stick frame wall by the
unique set of craftsmen consisting of 200 or morewood itself- which has a poor insulation quality) and
unique trades, suppliers and specialists. This home isthe ability to create a very air tight shell.
built one time!5. Straw Bale
Although we predominately build homes of "stickA "natural" building technique, straw bale construction
frame" (meaning 2 x 4 or dimensional lumber), therecreates a massively thick wall - 24 inches - using a
is growing interest in special homes built of newwaste product (straw). Popular with "do it your
materials.selfers," this technique can create very comfortable,
Stick Framenatural looking homes. I have seen straw bale homes
The most typical type of construction by far - theusing natural clay based floors as well. I also toured a
stick frame is largely composed of "dimensional""green home" in southern California built of straw bale.
lumber or "engineered" lumber (I-joists or other typesAt almost 8,000 square feet, the two story house
of framing that are comprised of various solid andactually had a custom steel frame that provided the
plywood combinations)structure required by strict southern California building
1. Logcodes and the straw bale was used as in fill for the
Log home enthusiasts are devoted to their logs! Inwalls. Check the code requirements in your area.
the style of the "pioneer" homes, log homes are6. Rammed Tire
literally logs that have been stacked up on top ofAnother hybrid made popular with the Earthship
each other to construct the walls. The end result is ahome, rammed tire construction consists of ramming
solid wood wall. Log homes are currently available in aearth into old tires to create walls. Not only does this
wide variety of pre built kits. Although log homesremove a worthless waste product from landfills but
have a terrific look and style - solid wood is not ait creates a super high insulated wall. Pretty unique!
very good method of insulation nor a very efficientWhen considering working with an alternative building
way of using wood.technique - pay special attention to the details. Find
2. Post and Beaman architect, designer or specialist who can advise
An advanced method of using the "log, " post andyou on the nuances of the product you want to use.
beam homes are beautifully crafted frames of solidPay attention to where your material meets other
timber often exposed on the interior of the home.materials - such as roof to wall connections and
The finely crafted joints showcase the builderswindow and door placement. Many builders, after
talents. Although still probably not the most efficientbuilding with more traditional methods, have common
way of using wood - a hybrid home using a "SIP"practices that will not work well in specialty
(structural insulated panel) skin creates a superapplications. Good luck with your dream home!
efficient home. Using this method of construction, a