How to Cantilever Deck Beams and Joists

Deck building is a polular do-it-yourself project withUnder the right conditions, technically it is alright for
homeowners who can take advantage ofbeams or joists to cantilever up to 40% of the
how-to-do-it clinics and tools rentals at homedistance that they are spanning between supports as
improvement retail outlets to construct the decks oflong as the cantilever does not exceed four times
their dreams.the beam or joist depth. An example of this would
Cantilevering is a deck construction technique thatbe a joist that spans 10 feet between supports.
can be used by do-it-yourselfers on almost all decks.Theoretically it could cantilever .40% x 10 = 4 feet
It allows the builder to add several feet to the widthbeyond the supporting beam. Thus a 10 + 4 = 14
of the deck without increasing the maximum spanfoot joist would be possible. But if the joist is a 2x8
rating for the beams or the joists. This is especially(with an actual width of 7.25 inches) then the
true when homeowners are building bigger and biggercantilever would be limited to 4 x 7.25 = 29 inches.
decks with more levels and more complex shapes.Unless you like bouncy construction it would be a
In some instances cantilevering makes it possible forwise decision to limit the cantilever to about 25% of
a smaller beam size to be used to support the deck.supported beam or joist length. An even wiser
As far as the joist size is concerned a smaller sizedecision would be to never exceed 3 feet of
could also be used by the using this innovativecantilever in the construction of the deck. This will
construction method.result in the deck feeling solid even when one is
Another advantage of incorporationg cantileveringstanding over the cantilevered ends.
into the construction of a deck is that the location ofCantilevering more than 3 feet would be better
foundation columns, support posts and beams can beachieved by moving up to the next larger dimensional
less precise than in the conventional method ofsize of beam or joist.
construction. This is an important consideration forIn the initial deck design process it is a good idea to
do-it-yourselfers who are not as proficient asconsult with the local building department regarding
professional contractors especially in this area of deckbuilding codes and construction methods. Once you
building.submit your application for a building permit along with
However, it is important to remember that there areyour deck design drawings, building department staff
still guidelines that limit the distance that a beam canwill make alterations in your design where necessary.
extend beyond a support post or that a joist canCantilevering can be incorporated into this design and
extend past a beam. These guidelines also assumetheir expertise will ensure that the deck design will
that there will be no unusual loads placed at the otheradhere to construction requirements and result in the
end other than the deck occupants. These guidelinesbuilding of an outstanding deck that will meet the
are there to provide necessary standards to ensureneeds and tastes of its occupants.
the proper and safe construction of outdoor deckCantilevering can be an important and very practical
spaces by amateurs and pros alike.part of that process.